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Peace and Security | |
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Security Sector Reform (SSR) is increasingly prioritized by governments, and on the agenda of international development, peace and security communities. SSR opens a window of possibility to transform security policies, institutions and programmes, creating opportunities to integrate gender issues.
The integration of gender issues is being recognised as a key to operational effectiveness, local ownership and strengthening oversight. For example, increasing the recruitment of female staff, preventing human rights violations, and collaborating with women's organisations contribute to creating an an efficient accountable and participatory security sector, which responds to the specific needs of men, women, girls and boys.
Despite the recognition of the importance of integrating gender issues in SSR, there has been a lack of resources on the topic. This toolkit is an initial response to the need for information and analysis on gender and SSR, It is designed to provide policy makers and practicioners with a practical introduction to why gender issues are important in SSR and what can be done to integrate them.
The Toolkit contains 12 tools on specific areas of security sector reform. Please see below for more information.
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Tool 1 on Security Sector Reform and Gender is designed to provide a basic introduction to SSR and gender issues for the staff of national governments (including in donors countries), security sector institutions, and regional and international organisations, responsible for the development of SSR policy and programming. Civil society organisations, academics, and researchers working on gender and security matters will also find it useful. This tool includes:
- An introduction to SSR and gender
- The rationale for why integrating gender issues strengthens SSR processes
- Practical ways of integrating gender into SSR policy and programme cycles
- An overview of specific gender and SSR issues in post-conflict, transitional, developing, and developed country contexts
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Tool 2 on Police Reform and Gender focuses on the importance of strengthening the ability of the police to understand and address the different security needs of the entire population and creating non-discriminatory and representative police institutions. This tool includes:
- An introduction to police reform
- The rationale behind integrating gender issues and ways in which this can strengthen police reform initiatives
- Entry points for incorporating gender issues into different aspects of police reform, including practical tips and examples
- An examination of particular gender and police reform issues in post-conflict, transitional, developing and developed country contexts
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Tool 3 on Defence Reform and Gender aims to contribute to an understanding of the relationship between gender and defence structures, and to highlight some practical steps that can be taken to transform the defence sector into a democratic, representative security service provider.This tool includes:
- An introduction to defence reform
- The rationale for why integrating gender strengthens defence reform processes
- Practical actions to integrate gender into defence reform initiatives
- An overview of particular gender and defence reform issues in post-conflict, transitional, developing and developed country contexts
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Tool 4 on Justice Reform and Gender focuses on the institutional reform of the judiciary, law reform and access to justice, with specific emphasis on gender equality. This tool includes:
- An introduction to justice reform
- The rationale for why integrating gender strengthens justice reform processes
- Practical actions to integrate gender into justice reform initiatives
- An overview of particular gender and justice reform issues in post-conflict, transitional, developing and developing country contexts
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Tool 5 on Penal Reform and Gender provides guidance on responding to gender issues within penal systems. It aims to assist those responsible for management, policy making or reform of prisons within their own countries; international and regional actors supporting prison reform; as well as parliamentarians, civil society organisations and others that play a role in overseeing and monitoring prisons.
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Tool 6 on Border Management and Gender focuses on border management reform and the different ways in which border transactions impact the lives of women, men, boys and girls. It encompasses the various border control functions and demonstrates the operational benefits of ensuring that gender perspectives are included in border management policies, procedures and practices. This tool includes:
- A conceptual introduction to border management and gender
- An outline of ways in which integrating gender strengthens border management
- Actions to integrate gender into border management
- Examination of specific gender and border management issues in post-conflict, transitional, developing and developed country contexts
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Tool 7 on Parliamentary Oversight of the Security Sector and Gender seeks to highlight the importance of parliamentary oversight of the security sector and the benefits parliamentarians derive from integrating a gender perspective into their work. The tool gives suggestions on how to integrate gender into parliamentary oversight, and includes a section that addresses gender and parliamentary oversight in specific contexts of post-conflict and developed countries.
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Tool 8 on National Security Policy-Making and Gender provides an introduction to the benefits and opportunities of integrating gender issues into national-level security policy making. As strategic documents, security policies are critically important in establishing a coordinated response to security threats, and can serve as a platform for security sector reform processes. This tool provides:
- A brief introduction to security policies, including national security policies and sector-specific policies
- Discussion on the significance and benefits of applying a gender perspective to security policy-making
- Practical actions to integrate gender dimensions into security policy-making
- An introduction to development of security policies in post-conflict, transitional, developing and developed countries
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- A description of the role of civil society in oversight mechanisms
- The rationale behind the inclusion of gender issues and ways in which this can strengthen and enhance oversight
- Entry points for incorporating gender into different aspects of civil society oversight, including practical tips and examples
- An overview of integrating gender into civil society oversight in post-conflict, transitional, developing and developed countries
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Tool 10 on Private Military and Security Companies and Gender addresses the gender aspects and challenges of a relatively new phenomenon: the privatisation of security on a global scale. The tool explains why gender is important and how gender initiatives can be developed and implemented in operations involving Private Security Companies and Private Military Companies. The tool provides a background for understanding the new challenges and opportunities that have arisen for the integration of gender and makes practical suggestions for addressing them. |
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Tool 11 on Security Sector Reform Assessment, Monitoring and Evaluation and Gender explores two dimensions of gender-responsive assessments, monitoring and evaluation. First, the tool looks at existing SSR assessment frameworks, monitoring and evaluation strategies, and how to include a gender perspective in the different tools and approaches. Second, the tool discusses gender mainstreaming initiatives in security sector institutions, including how to conduct a gender audit and M&E of gender mainstreaming. This tool includes:
- An introduction to assessment, monitoring and evaluation
- The rationale behind the inclusion of gender issues and ways in which this can strengthen and enhance assessment, M&E
- Entry points for incorporating gender into SSR assessment, M&E
- How to conduct gender audits of security sector institutions, as well as monitor and evaluate the impact of gender mainstreaming initiatives
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Tool 12 on Gender Training for Security Sector Personnel is a practical guide for preparing, implementing and evaluating gender training for security sector personnel. It includes a short description of the importance of gender training and focuses on providing practical tips and examples of good practices that can help to guide future training. The tool is designed for the staff of security sector institutions, international and regional organisations, and civil society organisations that plan, conduct or evaluate gender training for security sector personnel. |
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Associazione Diaspora e Pace (ADEP)
Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces
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UN-INSTRAW collaborated with the Organization for Security and Economic cooperation in Europe, Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights on the Gender and Security Sector Reform Toolkit. |
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UN-INSTRAW and the Office of the Gender Advisor of the
United Nations Missions to Liberia established an inter-agency team
supporting the Liberian Ministry of Gender and Development in order to
lead the country's formation of the Liberia National Action Plan on
Resolution 1325.
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UN-INSTRAW hosts three Networks which were created during the Institute's Virtual Discussions. Additionally, UN-INSTRAW is a member of the United Nations Interagency Taskforce on Women, Peace and Security.
FOKUS/UN-INSTRAW International Conference Network
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The International Conference Network is the result of the November 2009 FOKUS/UN-INSTRAW International Conference, "Putting Policy into Practice: Monitoring the implementation of UN Security Council Resolutions on Women, Peace and Security". The Network serves as a method for continuing discussions on monitoring and evaluating the women, peace and security. Additionally, conference documentation and other information is sent out through the Network. Though conference participants make up the majority of Network members, the Network is open to all.
To join, please send an
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with the name of the listserve in the title.
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Gender and Security Sector Reform Network
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The Gender and Security Sector Reform Network aims to support the interactive exchange of information on gender and security sector reform issues. The Network currently has over 250 members worldwide.
To join, please send an
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with the name of the listserve in the title.
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Resolution 1325 National Action Plan Network
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During a Virtual Discussion focused on best practices in implementing Resolution 1325 at the national level, a network on Resolution 1325 was formed. Currently, the network has over 100 members and continues to serve as a forum for information sharing.
To join, please send an
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with the name of the listserve in the title.
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UN Interagency Taskforce on Women, Peace and Security
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UN-INSTRAW is an active member of the UN Interagency Taskforce on Women, Peace and Security, which promotes the UN system-wide implementation of Resolution 1325. A UN System-Wide Action Plan on women peace and security has been developed, which the gender, peace and security programme actively promotes in its project development, research and capacity-building activities.
Visit the UN Interagency Taskforce on Women, Peace and Security.
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