Women are the main receivers and managers of remittances, either the sender is man or woman. This means that to be successful, local development programmes require a clear understanding of the characteristics of gender differentials in the use of remittances, savings and investment, while it should pursue gender equality, and not fall into its instrumentalization for the welfare of others.
| |
% of receptors who are women |
% Remittances |
% Rural Receptors of remittances |
% Remittances received by Poor Households |
| World |
(1) 50% |
|
|
|
| Albania |
(1) 13.2% |
(1) 15.1%/GNP |
|
|
| Colombia |
|
(1) 2.9%/GDP |
|
(2) 4% |
| Dominican Rep. |
(1) 52% |
(1) 12.23%/GDP |
(1) 28% |
(2) 6.2% |
| Guatemala |
(1) 28% |
(1) 9.5%/GDP |
(1) 57% |
(2) 40% |
| Lesotho |
(2) 16% |
(1) 20.4%/GDP |
|
(2) "Only 9.5% of these households receive a wage
6.3% generate income as a result of casual work
6.8% live on income obtained from informal businesses." |
| Morocco |
|
(1) 2.7%/GDP |
|
(2) "The Middle and Higher income
classes profit relatively more from remittances than the lowest income groups." |
| Philippines |
(2) 56% |
(1) 8.76%/GNP |
(2) Minority |
(2) "In 2006, the largest number
of OFWs came from the more prosperous regions of the country." |
| Senegal |
(3) 18.8% |
(1) 3.0%/GDP |
(2) 50.5% |
|
World
(1) Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, Trends in Total Migrant Stock: The 2005 Revision http://esa.un.org/migration
Albania
(1) Center for Economic and Social Studies (CESS), The encouragement of social-economic development in relation to the growth of the role of the remittances, Final draft, Research Report commissioned by UNDP and Soros Foundation, August 2003
Colombia
(1) INSTRAW, Gender and Remittances: Colombian Migration from the Central Western Metropolitan Area (AMCO), 2008
(2) Gary, Luis Jorge y Rodríguez, Adriana (2005) "Características socio-económicas, integración social e inserción laboral de los colombianos en la comunidad de Madrid (España), Mimeo, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Colombia.
Dominican Rep.
(1) UN-INSTRAW, Gender, Remittances and Development: The Case of Women Migrants from Vicente Noble, Dominican Republic, 2006
(2) ODH/PNUD based on VIII National population and Housing Census, 2002
(3) Elaborado por DGDES en base a la Encuesta Nacional de Fuerza de Trabajo (ENFT) del BCRD
Guatemala
(1) OIM, UN-INSTRAW, 2006, Cuadernos de Trabajo Sobre Migración, 24, Encuesta Sobre Remesas 2007 Perspectiva de Género
(2) CEPAL (2005) Panorama social de América Latina, Santiago de Chile: Naciones Unidas
Lesotho
(1) Banco Central de Lesotho, en su informe de Agosto del 2005
(2) SAMP, Crush Jonatham y col., Migration, Remittances and Development in Southern Africa, Migration policy Series N.44, 2006
Morocco
(1) Cálculo propio a partir de datos de: Hein de Haas, Morocco’s migration transition : trends, determinants and future scenarios, en Global Migration Persectives, N.28, April 2005, Global Commission on Internatinal Migration (GCIM), Geneva
(2) Hein de Haas, The impact of international migration on social and economic development in Moroccan sending regions: a review of the empirical literature”, Working Paper, International Migration Institute, University of Oxford, Year 2007
Philippines
(1) Bagasao, I. (2004), “Migration and Development: The Philippine Experience”, Small Enterprise Development, 15 (1) (March 2004): 62-67, ITDG Publishing
(2) OFW Global Presence. (2006), A Compendium of Overseas Employment Statistics 2006 by the Philippine Overseas Employment Administration (POEA), also accessed on http://www.poea.gov.ph/stats/2006Stats.pdf
Senegal
(1) Savina Ammassari, Gestion des migrations et politiques de développement : optimiser les bénéfices de la migration en Afrique de l’Ouest, Cahiers de Migrations Internationales, 72F, Secteur de la Protection Sociale, Programme des Migrations Internationales, Bureau International du Travail, Genève.
(2) OFW Global Presence. (2006), A Compendium of Overseas Employment Statistics 2006 by the Philippine Overseas Employment Administration (POEA), also accessed on http://www.poea.gov.ph/stats/2006Stats.pdf
(3) Ministère de l’Economie et des Finances, République du Sénégal, Direction de la Prévention et de la Statistique, Rapport de Synthèse de la Deuxième Enquête Sénégalaise Auprès des Ménages (ESAM-II), Juillet 2004.(Tableau 8.32).
|
